Software Testing Methodology can be defined as the testing types that are used to certify the ‘Application Under Test(AUT)’ meets client expectations. Test Methodologies include functional and non-functional test to validate the AUT. Some examples of testing Methodologies are Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Performance Testing etc. Each testing methodology has a defined test objective, test strategy and deliverables. Software Testing is integral part of any Development Methodology. Testing Methodologies can also refer to Waterfall, Agile and other models.
WATERFALL MODEL
In the waterfall model, software development progress through various phases like Requirements Analysis and designing. In this model, next phase begins only when the earlier phase is completed.
The first phase in waterfall model is the requirement phase in which all the project requirements are completely defined before starting its testing. During this phase, the test team tests the scope of testing, test strategy and drafts a detailed test plan. Once the design of software is complete, the team will move on to execution of the test cases to ensure that the developed software behaves as it expected. In this methodology, the testing team proceeds to the next phase only when the previous phase is completed.
Advantages of waterfall model
This model is very simple to plan and manage. Hence, projects where requirements are clearly defined and can be easily tested using waterfall model.
Disadvantages of waterfall model
In the waterfall model, you can begin with the next phase only once the previous phase is completed.
It is not suitable for projects where the requirement changes frequently.
ITERATIVE DEVELOPMENT
In this model, a big project is divided into small parts and each part has multiple iterations of the waterfall model. At the end of iteration, a new module is developed or an existing module is enhanced. This module is integrated into the software architecture and the entire system is tested. As soon as iteration is completed, the entire system is subjected to testing. Feedback from testing is immediately available and is incorporated in next cycle. The testing can be reduced on the basis of past experience.
Advantages of Iteration development
The main advantage of iterative development is that the test feedback is immediately available at the end of each cycle.
Disadvantages of iteration development
This model increases communication overheads significantly since at the end of each cycle, feedback about effort etc must be given.
AGILE METHODOLOGY
The software should be such that its software requirement remains constant. But with increase in complexity, the requirements has numerous changes and it continuously evolve. At times, the customer himself is not sure what he wants. It helps in solving this problem but it is still based on the waterfall model.
In this type of methodology, software is developed in incremental, rapid cycles. Interactions among the customers, developers and client are emphasized rather than processes and tools. Agile methodology focuses on responding to change rather than extensive planning. Incremental testing is used in agile development methods and hence, every release of the project is tested thoroughly. This ensures that any bugs in the system are fixed before the next release.
Advantages of Agile methodology
It is possible to make changes in the project at any time.
This incremental testing minimizes risks.
Disadvantages of Agile methodology
Constant interaction of clients increases pressure on testers and developers.
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